Controlledsource seismic interferometry, pioneered by schuster 2001, bakulin and calvert. An introduction to seismic interferometry and imaging with. Seismic interferometry and the spatial autocorrelation method. Seismic interferometry involves the crosscorrelation of responses at different receivers to obtain the greens function between these receivers. Note that ra and rb lie beneath the free surface in this case. The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile.
Crosscoherencebased interferometry for the retrieval of. Schuster, describes the theory and practice of inverting seismic data for the subsurface rock properties of the earth. In this article, the feasibility of shallow seismic structure imaging is assessed by building a complex model, and differences between the seismic interferometry imaging method and the traditional imaging method are discussed. Focused blind deconvolution of interferometric greens. Using supervirtual first arrivals in controlledsource.
Seismic interferometry is a method that allows the response between two receiver locations to be estimated as if one of those receivers had been replaced by a source. But the vsp seismic processing budget is less than 1% of the surface seismic budget, so the prize is interferometric imaging of surface seismic. Seismic interferometry, also known as greens function retrieval by crosscorrelation, has a wide range of applications, ranging from surfacewave tomography using ambient noise, to creating virtual sources for improved re. Seismic interferometry by crosscorrelation and by multi. Some practical circumstances that may hamper interferometry by crosscorrelation are.
As an example, figure 2a illustrates the case of a harmonic source at some unknown depth and with some unknown source wavelet. Seismic interferometry consists of simple crosscorrelation and stacking of actual receiver responses to approximate the impulse response as if a virtual source was placed at the location of the applicable receiver. I am willing to give a 1day seismic interferometry short course including matlab exercises to any utam sponsor, which includes matlab exercises. Seismic interferometry by crosscorrelation and by multidimensional. Comparing our results to those of fk interpolation shows that the synthetic example gives comparable results while the field example shows better interpolation quality for the interferometric method. To extract a building response, snieder and safak2006 propose a deconvolution of the recorded waves at different locations in the building rather than the crosscorrelation.
This book provides an approachable and concise introduction to seismic theory, designed as a first course for undergraduate students. Gerard thomas schuster professor, earth science and engineering. Seismic interferometry delft university of technology. Pdf threedimensional supervirtual seismic refraction. Oil is concentrated within cavities, but flows through the system of fractures. Underlying theory and new advances kees wapenaar1, evert slob1, roel snieder2 and andrew curtis3 1department of geotechnology, delft university of technology, delft, the netherlands 2center for wave phenomena, colorado school of mines, golden, colorado 80401, usa 3school of geosciences, the university of edinburgh. Professor schuster s research interests are in seismic imaging, interferometry, waveform inversion, em methods, seismic field techniques, and the use of novel methods for super resolution imaging. This removes from the seismic traces the entire, potentially complicated, path from the surface shot location to the borehole without having to perform any velocity analyses or moveout corrections. This is the first book to describe the theory and practice of seismic interferometry with an.
Tutorial on seismic interferometry school of geosciences. Despite the strength of seismic interferometry to retrieve new seismic responses by crosscorrelating observations at different receiver locations, the method relies on a number of assumptions which are not always fulfilled in practice. Site characterization by seismic interferometry method. Seismic interferometry seismic interferometry is an exciting new. We show how we can combine these two terms into a single term. Part 1 basic principles and applications kees wapenaar1, deyan draganov1, roel snieder2, xander campman3, and arie verdel3 abstract seismic interferometry involves the crosscorrelation of responses at different receivers to obtain the greens function between these receivers. It clearly explains the fundamental concepts, emphasizing intuitive understanding over lengthy derivations. Incorporating over 30% new material, this second edition includes all the topics needed. The main peculiarity of hydrocarbon reservoirs in carbonate environment is impermeability of the rock matrix. Pdf seismic interferometry involves the crosscorrelation of responses at different.
Seismic interferometry, surface waves and source distribution. Here, we show that vsp to surface seismic interferometric transform using only a limited number of geophones in the borehole can produce an image of the subsurface that is comparable to image derived from 3d surface seismic. Tutorial on seismic interferometry colorado school of mines. As such, seismic interferometry is commonly used to estimate ground roll to aid in its removal. Tool for computing pseudo seismic data by cross correlating traces recorded at different receiver locations. Seismic interferometry by schuster, gerard thomas ebook. Improved greens functions from seismic interferometry oleg v. Application of seismic interferometric migration for shallow. Lately, the method of seismic interferometry has found different applications, like in imaging of the. Deepwater subsurface imagingusing obs interferometry. W e demonstrate that interferometry of internal multiples can be used to. Inverting for the subsurface velocity distribution by refraction traveltime tomography is a wellaccepted imaging method by both the exploration and earthquake seismology communities. Seismic interferometry, also known as greens function retrieval by crosscorrelation, has a.
First, although the theory of seismic interferometry is welldeveloped, it relies on assumptions regarding the sources of field fluctuations that are, in general, not satisfied. Trampert department of earth sciences, utrecht university, po box 80021, utrecht 3584 cd, the netherlands. History and present status seg geophysics reprint series no. It is the main imaging tool for hydrocarbon mapping, and is increasingly being used for medical, earthquake, and engineering applications. Basics of seismic imaging king abdullah university of. Pdf seismic interferometry download full pdf book download. Interferometricdaylight seismic imaging geophysical. The primary application is for inverting reflection andor transmission data from engineering or exploration surveys, but the methods described also can be used for earthquake studies. This is a comprehensive book describing the theory and practice of seismic interferometry with an. Combining equations 2 and 3, applying sourcereceiver reciproci ty to g x,xa,t in. Dylan mikesell, an nsf postdoctoral fellow in mits earth resources laboratory, presents, an introduction to seismic interferometry and imaging with seismic noise. Drill bit noise imaging without pilot trace, a near. In this study, seismic interferometry is investigated in which the greens function is estimated between two receivers by crosscorrelation and integration over sources. Seismic interferometry essentially exploits the phase difference between adjacent receiver locations to image the subsurface.
D imaging to the theory of multidimensional migration of autocorrelograms. Exercises are provided at the end of each chapter, and the text is supplemented by. Similar results from a seismic array in new zealand demonstrate that our approach is applicable in other regions and with fewer station pairs. Schuster king abdullah university of science and technology, thuwal, saudi arabia. On the relation between seismic interferometry and the. Poliannikov and mark willis june 16, 2008 abstract under certain theoretical assumptions, the theory of seismic interferometry allows the construction of arti. Seismic interferometry university of utahs tomography and. Seismic interferometry is most often used for the examination of the near surface and is often utilized to reconstruct surface and direct waves only. Extraction of core phases by interferometry can signi.
Recovery of fracture orientation and fluid saturation by. On the relation between seismic interferometry and the simultaneoussource method kees wapenaar. Comparison of seismic interferometry techniques for the retrieval of. Most popularly employed are gravity and magnetic surveys and.
Seismic interferometry, surface waves and source distribution 1069 figure 1. Seismic interferometry seismic interferometry is an exciting new field in geophysics utilizing multiple scattering events to provide unprecedented views of the earths subsurface. Extracting seismic core phases with array interferometry. Seismic interferometry this is my almostcomplete draft of the book seismic interferomtery. Approximations in seismic interferometry and their effects on. Apr 29, 2009 miyazawa m, snieder r, venkataraman a 2008 application of seismic interferometry to extract p and s wave propagation and observation of shear wave splitting from noise data at cold lake, canada. Lin and colleagues have then utilized diffuse seismic energy to image seismic waves traveling through the earths core. Seismic interferometry across the continental us and recent. For the simple situation of an impulsive plane wave propagating along the xaxis, the crosscorrelation. Controlledsource seismic interferometry, pioneered by schuster 2001, bakulin and calvert 2004 and others, 2004, 2006 which is discussed extensively in part. In 2006, the editors of this volume compiled a supplement to geophysics dedicated to this new branch of science. Seismic interferometry is a means by which unused events, often discarded as coherent noise, can be recombined to give usable signal for existing imaging algorithms. Instead, distant seismicity can be used together with bodywave seismic interferometry. He has worked on recent large n seismic experiments using very dense seismic.
This book describes the theory and practice of inverting seismic data for the subsurface rock properties of the earth. Imaging salt dome flank and dipping sediments using time. Approximations in seismic interferometry and their effects on surface waves w. Seismic interferometry is a new signal processing technique for generating greens function by. Vsp interferometry for subsurface imaging earthdoc. This is a comprehensive book describing the theory and practice of seismic interferometry with an emphasis on applications in exploration seismology.
Seismic interferometry involves the crosscorrelation of re. Summary seismic interferometry methods can be used to transform vsp data to virtual surface recordings and migrated for much larger image in the lateral directions. Nowack department of earth and atmospheric sciences, purdue university, west lafayette, in 47907, usa abstract this study investigates seismic interferometry in which the greens function is estimated between two receiv. This is the first book to describe the theory and practice of seismic interferometry with an emphasis on applications in exploration seismology. A comparison of strategies for seismic interferometry. Improved greens functions from seismic interferometry. Onishi department of civil and earth resources engineering, kyoto university k. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. He took up a faculty position at the university of utah in 1985.
The seismic receiver distribution is excellent for deep reflection imaging. It is a differential insar image that shows wrapped phase in radians which is a measure of the change in range or distance between the ground surface and a more or less fixed point in space from which the radar images were acquired keep in mind that two sar images are required to create an interferogram. Greens functions, noise, and seismic interferometry. Passive seismic interferometry for subsurface imaging.
This means that one needs to adapt the mathematical formulation of seismic interferometry to the practicalities of a given data acquisition. Shows that developments in seismic interferometry the methodology of generating new seismic responses by crosscorrelation have taken an enormous flight since the beginning of this century. In the literature on seismic interferometry, the term virtual source often refers to the method of bakulin and calvert controlledsource and passive seismic interferometry. Seismic interferometry is the process of crosscorrelating seismic traces recorded at. In its most common form, seismic interferometry is used to convert long recordings of ambient seismic noise into estimates of greens functions the signal that would be recorded at one point in space if an impulsive source was placed at another point between two seismometers on the earths surface. Us201988a1 methods and computing systems for survey. Combining equation 6 with equation 4, we finally obtain.
He received a number of teaching and research awards while at university of utah. This talk was recorded on march 21, 2014 in unhs jere a. Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. Interferometric interpolation of sparse marine data. As we will see, each has tangible relevance to the industrial seismic community. No information about the medium is needed, but a receiver is required at the position where one wants to create the virtual source. Results suggest that a sparse marine seismic survey can yield more information about reflectors if traces are interpolated by interferometry.
Read download seismic interferometry pdf pdf download. Interferometricdaylight seismic imaging schuster 2004. However, creating a virtual source is the essence of nearly all seismic interferometry methods. Greens function representation for seismic interferometry. As examples, we show that ii can image reflectivity distributions by migrating ghost reflections in passive seismic data and generalizes the receiverfunction imaging method used by seismologists. Seismic interferometry versus spatial autocorrelation. This book describes the theory and practice of seismic interferometry, with an.
Preface to the special issue on ambient noise seismology. Seismic inversion geoscienceworld books geoscienceworld. Seminar seismic interferometry and beyond harvesting. The primary application is for inverting reflection. History and present status edited by kees wapenaar deyan draganov johan o. Essentials of seismic interferometry following schuster 2001, the essentials of seismic interferometry can be explained with the example shown in figures 1 and 2. Threedimensional supervirtual seismic refraction interferometry article pdf available in arabian journal of geosciences 98 june 2016 with 199 reads how we measure reads. He was editor of geophysics from 20042005 and was awarded seismic interferometry and beyond harvesting signal from coherent noise gerard t. Seismic interferometry and the spatial autocorrelation method seismic interferometry refers to the principle of generating new seismic responses through crosscorrelations of recorded seismic wavefields at receivers schuster, 2001.
Combining equations 2 and 3, applying source receiver reciproci ty to g x,xa,t in. Seismic interferometry processing is applied to an active seismic survey collected on ocean bottom seismometers obs deployed at 900m water depth over a carbonate hydrates mound in the gulf of mexico. However, the biased distribution of nearby seismicity prevents a straightforward application. Seismic interferometry is an exciting new field in geophysics utilizing multiple scattering events to provide unprecedented views of the earths subsurface. Seismic interferometry and estimation of the greens. His geophysical lab is equipped with stateoftheart seismographs for 624 channel recording and a 72channel resistivity array for both exploration. Ambient noise seismic interferometry performed by crosscorrelation has been proven to be a potential. Vsp interferometry definitely has a useful place in seismic imaging, and i believe that it will become a standard processing tool for vsp data. Site characterization by seismic interferometry method t.
Interferometric seismic imaging is defined to be any algorithm that inverts correlated seismic data for the reflectivity or source distribution. The failure of seismic noisy sources to be whiteyis already well known in seismic interferometry curtis et al. Interferometry introduction interferometers are devices employed in the study of interference patterns produced by various light sources. His geophysical lab is equipped with stateoftheart. Varied applications of seismic interferometry have arisen in the last decade.
Using supervirtual first arrivals in controlledsource hardrock seismic imagingwell worth the effort. Seismic interferometry is an exciting field in geophysics utilising multiple scattering events to provide unprecedented views of the earths subsurface. Society of exploration geophysicists releases seismic inversion by gerard t. To enhance the signaltonoise ratio of the faroffset traces, we present the theory of supervirtual refraction interferometry where the signaltonoise ratio snr of faroffset headwave arrivals can be theoretically increased by a factor proportional to v n. Seismic interferometry using multidimensional deconvolution and crosscorrelation for crosswell seismic re. A significant drawback, however, is that the recorded traces become noisier with increasing offset from the source position, and so prevents accurate picking of traveltimes in faroffset traces. Each of these new redatummed traces mimics the output of a downhole source and downhole receiver pair. Bodywave seismic interferometry applied to earthquake and storm. Tulsa, ok, 12 july 2017 seismic inversion, by gerard t. Seismic interferometry and the spatial autocorrelation method seismic interferometry refers to the principle of generating new seismic responses through crosscorrelations of recorded seismic wave. They are conveniently divided into two main classes.
Greens functions, noise, and seismic interferometry julien chaput may 15th 2008 abstract recent developments in seismic imaging theory have verified a long. Seismic interferometry is the methodology by which new seismic responses are created by crosscorrelating seismic observations at different receiver locations. Basin delineation with a 40hour passive seismic record. Basin delineation with a 40hour passive seismic record by elmer ruigrok, xander campman, and kees wapenaar abstract several geophysical methods exist to delineate the lower interface of a sedimentary basin. Applications range from imaging with ambient noise to datadriven redatuming of controlledsource data.
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